For high-pressure thermal plasma sustained by direct current, the temperatures of electrons and gases may differ from each other. A 2-temperature approach better accounts for the overall phenomena than the 1-temperature model, in which the thermal equilibrium of electron and heavy species are assumed. The 2-temperature plasma model in CFD-ACE+ includes the electric conduction solution and the sheath model to account for voltage drop. A validation study of the model for a 2-D axi-symmetric (but in 3-D set-up) free burning arc in atmospheric Argon is presented.

In this tutorial, the cavitation characteristics of a hydrofoil is investigated and compared to experimental data. The capability for multi-dimensional simulation of cavitating flows is of critical importance for efficient design and performance of many engineering devices. Cavitation refers to the formation of vapor filled cavities at low pressure regions of a flow field and their subsequent implosion while passing through high pressure regions of the flow field. Their phenomenon generally is undesirable causing erosion of propellers, pumps and other solid bodies. They are however considered and used in a beneficial way for a number applications including ultrasonic cleaning, water purification, high speed underwater propulsion and even to produce high temperatures and pressures for initiating thermonuclear fusion reaction. 

Cavitation generally refers to the formation of vapor filled cavities at low pressure regions of a flow field and their subsequent implosion while passing through high pressure regions of the flow field. Their phenomenon generally is undesirable causing erosion of propellers, pumps and other solid bodies. They are however considered and used in a beneficial way for a number applications including ultrasonic cleaning, water purification, high speed underwater propulsion and even to produce high temperatures and pressures for initiating thermonuclear fusion reaction. Therefore, the capability for multi-dimensional simulation of cavitating flows is of critical importance for efficient design and performance of many engineering devices. In this tutorial, the cavitation characteristics of an axisymmetric sharp edged orifice is investigated and compared to some analytical predictions.

The steady state conductive heat transfer to the air-gap between infinitely long concentric thick-walled cylinders is modeled and compared with an analytical solution. This is a step-by-step guided introductory tutorial for setting up a heat transfer model in CFD-ACE+.

The analytical solution for the magnetic field on the axis of a finite length solenoid is compared with the numerical solution obtained through the magnetic module available in CFD-ACE+.

This tutorial analyzes the case of an anisotropic elliptical plate under a constant pressure loading. This model is compared with an analytical expression for the vertical (z-direction) displacement provided by Timoshenko and Woinowsky-Krieger.

This simulation models a two-dimensional axisymmetric geometry based on a Jipelec RTP reactor. The process considered is polysilicon deposition from silane. The model examines the coupled fluid flow, species transport, radiative heat transfer, and temperature distribution at steady state in the reactor.

Turbulent mixing is important in a wide variety of applications. One such application is high speed air breathing aircraft engines (supersonic combustion/hypersonic aircrafts). As aircrafts continue to fly at higher speeds, complete mixing has to be achieved within shorter combustion chambers to minimize fuel consumption,  avoid combustion instabilities and decrease emissions. The turbulent mixing of two streams of gases (propane and air) is modeled in this tutorial.