The goal of this tutorial is to demonstrate simulations of a 3D ICP with
the complex shape of the coil. Engineering problems frequently contain embedded objects or components that are pre-dominantly one-dimensional, i.e., long and slender and with transverse length scales that are much smaller thanthe isotropic length scales of the multi-dimensional space in which the objects are embedded.Those objects are called filaments. Examples include micro-channels, in fluidic devices, optical or electrical leads, resistive electric micro-heaters, or conducting paths in micro-chips.
This tutorial sets up simulations of thermally inductively coupled plasma at atmospheric pressure including effects of radiation heat transfer and conjugated flow/wall heat transfer. The tutorial employs the power of user subroutines to define the properties of the Argon gas found in the plasma tube. The relative permittivity, electrical conductivity, specific heat and thermal conductivity of the Argon gas are set using the user subroutines.
This is a 3D model of chemical binding kinetics in a millimeter-scale biosensor. The objective of the model is to investigate the effects of various kinetic parameters on the simulated response. A general objective of modeling such problems (not covered here) could be to evaluate the effectiveness of the mathematical model for extracting kinetic parameters from the sensogram.
Dielectrophoresis occurs because of the interaction between the induced dipole and the electric field. The interaction creates a net force, which depends on both the gradient of the electric field and electrical properties (permittivity and conductivity) of the particle and the media. The net force applies on partices, charged or not, and drives them to move. This technique can be used in the analysis, manipulation, and separation of cellular scale and nanometer scale particles like cells, DNA etc.
DNA Hybridization is a method for combining one strand of DNA sample against other (second) strand of DNA probe on a single support membrane. The degree of binding depends on the molecular geometries. The signal for a given geometry and kinetic parameters are evaluated in this tutorial.
Electrokinetic injection is an alternate method of loading DNA sample onto the capillary separation matrix for capillary electrophoresis compared to hydrodynamic or manual loading.This transfer is directly dependent on the magnitude and duration of voltage applied across the capillaries. This tutorial investigates the electrokinetic
injection and separation of analytes in a cross channel under the influence
of an electric field.
Proteins
can be separated based on the relative density of positive or negatively
charged residues. In iso-electro focusing
with ions, a pH gradient is established in a gel using small multi-charged
polymers such as polyampholytes. As the protein migrates into an acidic region
of the gel, it will gain positive charge via protonation of the carboxylic and
amino groups and vice versa. Eventually, the protein reaches a position in the
pH gradient where its net charge is zero (defined as its pI or isoelectric
point). At that point, the electrophoretic mobility is zero. Migration will
cease, and concentration equilibrium of the focused protein is established.
Bead based Immunoassays are very popular for clinical applications involving biochemical and biological detections. The geometry considered is a Y-junction employed in many micro-fluidic systems.
Microwells are being increasingly used in Ultra High Throughput Screening (Ultra HTS) systems, where they are an integral component of Dynamic Microarrays. Pressure driven flow is used to drive liquid flow to the Microwell. Because of the extremely small length scales involved, the surface tension forces are significant. This simulation investigates the filling of a Microwell.
